A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the native C extension of the Ruby json gem (versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8) during IO-based streaming serialization. An incorrect buffer size calculation can lead to memory corruption and process termination when processing large strings.
An uncontrolled memory allocation vulnerability (CWE-789) exists in pypdf prior to version 6.14.0. The library blindly trusted user-controlled image dimensions (/Width and /Height) from PDF metadata, allowing attackers to trigger physical memory exhaustion and an Out-of-Memory crash via tiny, malformed files.
An infinite loop vulnerability exists in the pure-python PDF library pypdf prior to version 6.14.1. This vulnerability occurs during the processing of malformed or truncated page content streams containing inline images. Specifically, the parser fails to validate the End-of-Stream condition during inline image dictionary parsing. This results in continuous backward stream-seeking and an infinite loop that consumes 100% CPU on the processing thread.
An infinite loop vulnerability exists in the pypdf library prior to version 6.14.2 when processing malformed PDF inline images that utilize ASCII85 or ASCIIHex decoders. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by submitting crafted PDF files containing incomplete streams, causing the parsing thread to consume 100% CPU resource indefinitely and leading to Denial of Service.
A critical CPU exhaustion vulnerability exists in the pypdf library before version 6.14.0. When parsing PDF files with malformed or corrupt standard cross-reference (xref) table entries, the library falls back to sequentially scanning the entire file buffer via regular expression search. An attacker can exploit this algorithmic bottleneck by supplying a crafted PDF with numerous malformed xref entries, leading to denial of service.
In Auth.js (specifically next-auth version 5), server-side configuration errors or backend exceptions can cause existence-based authentication and authorization checks to fail open. When the underlying core engine (@auth/core) encounters a configuration error or runtime exception, it returns an HTTP 500 Internal Server Error response containing a JSON-formatted error description payload. Prior to the fix, the next-auth wrappers read this response body using response.json() without validating the HTTP status code. Because any parsed JavaScript object evaluates to truthy, common existence-based checks incorrectly evaluated to true, letting unauthenticated requests pass.
A host/authority desynchronization vulnerability exists in Eclipse Jetty's handling of HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 requests. When both an ':authority' pseudo-header and a standard 'Host' header are present in a request, Jetty fails to validate that they represent the same target host. This desynchronization creates a host-confusion or 'split-brain' state, enabling attackers to bypass access control lists, escape virtual host isolation, poison web caches, or manipulate redirect targets in backend applications.
A path traversal vulnerability exists in Eclipse Jetty due to a state-desynchronization defect in the URI parsing state machine inside URIUtil.java. This defect allows unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass path-based security constraints enforced by downstream filters, application gateways, or authorization modules by crafting URIs with path parameter delimiters and parent directory traversal sequences.
An improper access control vulnerability in JupyterLab allows programmatic installation of blocked or non-allowed extensions. The vulnerability is caused by a missing await keyword when invoking the asynchronous checking method, leading Python to evaluate the returned coroutine object as truthy. Furthermore, the check lacks proper canonicalization of package names, enabling an attacker to bypass blocklists using casing or character variants.
An unsigned 32-bit integer underflow vulnerability in the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) serialization subsystem of ntoskrnl.exe allows local authenticated users with low privileges to corrupt adjacent kernel pool allocations, execute arbitrary kernel-mode read and write operations, and perform a Token Swap attack to escalate their privileges to NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM.
JupyterLab's PluginManager contains an authorization bypass vulnerability allowing authenticated users to modify the state of locked extensions or plugins. Although the frontend user interface visually locks and disables toggle components for administrative configurations, the backend API fails to perform robust validation. Standard users can craft direct HTTP API requests to modify plugin states, completely bypassing administrative restrictions.
GHSA-89VP-JRXV-24W8 is a security bypass vulnerability in the JupyterLab Extension Manager. Authenticated users can install unauthorized or blocklisted extension packages from PyPI. This bypass occurs due to improper canonicalization of package names and the incorrect synchronous invocation of an asynchronous permission-checking method.
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